Diet “Table 5”: what is possible and what is not for those whose liver is “out of order”

Therapeutic diet

The list of permitted products is quite wide. Restrictions apply only to fatty, spicy, salty and fermented foods, because such food increases the secretion of digestive juices of the pancreas and irritates the gastric mucosa. Below is a list of dishes that need to be limited or completely excluded. Table diet No. 5

Having a list of acceptable dishes and products, you can create therapeutic nutrition. It is recommended to prepare the menu in advance, at least 2 days in advance. This way you can stock up on the necessary products and select recipes, and preparing dishes will take less time. Exact adherence to all diet rules will protect against exacerbation of the disease and speed up recovery.

For what diseases of the gastrointestinal tract is the diet indicated?

Diet No. 5 is prescribed only by a doctor. It is indicated for the following diseases of the digestive system:

• Liver diseases. Cirrhosis, chronic hepatitis of various origins (viral, toxic, infectious).
• Diseases of the biliary tract and gallbladder. These are cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, cholangitis, postoperative syndrome after removal of the gallbladder. Very often, the cause of damage to the biliary tract is Giardia, protozoa and other pathogens.
• Stomach diseases. Chronic gastritis and gastroenteritis.
• Pancreatic diseases. Chronic and acute pancreatitis, pancreatoduodenitis.

Daily intake of calories, proteins, fats and carbohydrates

Diet 5a implies strict adherence to caloric intake.

• about 100 grams of proteins (the body should get more than 50% from meat);
• no more than 70 grams of fat (20% must be of vegetable origin);
• up to 350 grams of carbohydrates (no more than 80 grams of sugar per day).

Important! 100 grams of protein is not 100 grams of meat. See the product packaging for protein content. For example, chicken breast contains 16 grams of protein per 100 grams of product.

Also don't forget:

• drink plenty of fluids (preferably water). You need to drink about 2.5 liters per day;
• limit salt intake to 1-1.5 teaspoons per day.

Ingredients:

• 4 squirrels;
• half a glass of milk;
• a pinch of salt.

Beat the egg whites and milk with a mixer until a fluffy foam forms. Pour the resulting mixture onto a baking sheet greased with butter. Bake for about 30 minutes. When serving, you can add a tablespoon of low-fat sour cream.

Recipe examples

In addition, there are many interesting dietary recipes. For example, you can make fish soup for lunch.

Puree fish soup

First dish option

1. To do this, take half a kilogram of fish.
2. It is better if it is: hake, pike or perch.
3. Separate the fillet from the bones. If you buy fillets right away, you save yourself the hassle.
4. We process the head, rinse and cook the broth. It's a good idea to add fins and tail to the pan.
5. Don't forget to skim off the foam. To make the broth tastier and more aromatic, cook it with the addition of celery, parsley, and onion.
6. When the broth is ready, it must be strained.
7. Now let's start preparing the soup.
8. Throw in the diced potatoes.
9. When it is ready, add the chopped fish fillet and cook for 5-7 minutes. This time is enough for the fish to cook, otherwise it will turn out to be dry and tasteless.
10. Cool the resulting mass and beat in a blender.
11. Then put it back on the stove, add the remaining half of the fillet and cook until done.
12. You should also add: half a glass of milk or half a glass of cream.

When the dish is ready, it can be served.

Diet

As mentioned above, the diet involves a gradual expansion of the diet. At the initial stage of diet therapy, dishes in the diet are present in pureed form and vegetables only in boiled form. During this period, wheat bread is allowed - 200 g per day and sugar - 20 g.

When switching to an extended version of the diet, the main dishes remain, but the consumption of raw vegetables in the form of salads is allowed. The amount of bread increases (you can use 100 g of rye and 200 g of wheat), sugar up to 40 g and butter up to 20 g-30 g per day. Below are menu options for pancreatitis of wiped and non-wiped table.

Monday

Tuesday

Thursday

Friday

Saturday

Sunday

This menu can be used for children.

Meals on the fifth diet are fractional and involve at least 5 meals in small portions (up to 350 grams).

Products that negatively affect the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract and excretory system are excluded from the diet, namely:

• spicy;
• salty;
• smoked;
• fried;
• meat and fish semi-finished products;
• fast food;
• alcohol.

According to the rules of diet 5, preference should be given to recipes that involve stewing, boiling and baking dishes.

It is mandatory when following diet 5a - regularity and precise intervals. Restorative nutrition is not only a strict adherence to caloric intake, but also the correct mode of food consumption. The ideal option is to eat 5-6 times a day every 3 hours.

For example: at 6:00, 9:00, 12:00, 15:00, 18:00, 21:00.

In order to prevent stagnation of bile in the gallbladder, you need to organize 6 meals a day in small portions (on average 100 g per dish).

Breakfast can consist of 2 dishes (total 200 g) and a drink, lunch - of 3 courses (up to 300 g in total), dinner - of 2 dishes (200-225 g) and a drink. Breakfast, lunch and dinner should contain a protein dish (cottage cheese, meat or fish). For second breakfast and afternoon snack, you can prepare jelly (fruit and milk), baked and fresh fruit, light fruit jellies, mousses and sambuca.

At night, fermented milk drinks are preferred.

Below is an example of a menu for the week.

Monday

Tuesday

Thursday

Friday

Saturday

Sunday

Useful videos

Table No. 5 according to Pevzner is considered one of the best special diets prescribed for problems with the bile ducts and bladder, liver, and pancreas. Diet 5 for children is characterized by a cleansing and health-improving effect, based on the complete rejection of foods that provoke complications. The daily menu for such a diet contains dishes that normalize the functioning of the digestive organs and do not irritate them. The 5th table diet is the background on the basis of which effective therapy for the disease is carried out.

Methods of cooking food

The next rule is that the 5a diet table should consist exclusively of warm dishes. Cooked but already cooled foods are strictly prohibited in case of biliary tract problems and hepatitis.

The following cooking methods are acceptable:

• steamed;
• boiled;
• baked (without crust).

Fried, grilled or deep-fried delicacies are not included in diet 5a.

It is also recommended to grind all food in a blender, grind it through a sieve, or make minced meat from it.

Rules for preparing food for diet table No. 5

Your child's food should be warm, but not hot. Cold dishes are excluded. The method of preparing food is extremely important. It is forbidden to eat fried, canned or smoked foods.

Acceptable dishes are prepared in the following ways:

• Boiled;
• Steamed;
• Baked (rare);
• Stewed (rarely).

When preparing food, the use of salt is reduced. This will facilitate the removal of excess water from the child’s body.

Meals throughout the day should be frequent and in small portions.

What can you eat and what can you not?

The 5a diet table is quite rich. And this can be seen from the table below.

Allowed foods for diet table No. 5

Main dishes are prepared from lean types of meat. Beef, veal,

rabbit, chicken, turkey. Suitable fish include pike perch, pike, cod, and bream. Vegetable soups and milk soups are also suitable as first courses.

Sources of carbohydrates include oatmeal and buckwheat. Pasta is also acceptable as a side dish. Vegetables can include carrots, tomatoes, potatoes, beets, cucumbers, cauliflower, broccoli and zucchini.

Allowed on Diet 5 for children are condensed milk, low-fat cottage cheese, a small amount of sour cream, kefir, and yogurt. For sweets, offer your child non-acidic fruits, a little sugar in tea, honey, marmalade, and marshmallows.

Menu option

Below is an example of a 5a diet menu.

• Breakfast. Rice porridge (grilled rice) with water and milk, curd soufflé, tea.
• First snack. Baked apple. You can sprinkle a little sugar.
• Dinner. Steamed chicken breast cutlets, cereal soup with vegetable broth (mashed), carrot puree, jelly.
• Second snack. Dried apple compote.
• Dinner. Pureed buckwheat, steamed cod, semolina casserole, tea.
• Late dinner. Kefir 1%, one glass.

This is a sample menu for diet 5a. Many of the products listed are interchangeable and the diet can be varied. Do not forget that all portions should be small.

Menu for the week (diet mode)

Sunday

A delicious menu for table 5, which provides the body with the necessary amount of nutrients, should include daily consumption of lean meat or fish, fresh vegetables and fruits, cereals and cottage cheese dishes.

The number of recipes for table number 5, which can be used in the menu for every day, is quite large, thanks to which the dishes are almost never repeated.

Monday

• Breakfast: rice porridge with raisins.
• Snack: a sandwich of two-day wheat bread with butter, weak green tea.
• Lunch: boiled beef pilaf, fresh vegetables.
• Afternoon snack: zucchini soup.
• Dinner: cottage cheese with raisins.

Tuesday

• Breakfast: viscous oatmeal with milk, pear.
• Snack: fruit salad.
• Lunch: mashed potatoes, boiled beef goulash, tomato salad.
• Afternoon snack: cauliflower soup.
• Dinner: lazy dumplings, compote.

• Breakfast: millet porridge with pumpkin.
• Snack: carrots with sour cream and dried apricots.
• Lunch: steamed chicken cutlets, crumbly pearl barley porridge, green salad with cucumbers.
• Afternoon snack: salad with potatoes and green peas.
• Dinner: rice pudding with apples.

Thursday

• Breakfast: semolina milk soup with honey.
• Snack: fruit jelly.
• Lunch: fish baked in sour cream sauce, beet salad.
• Afternoon snack: carrots stewed with honey and prunes.
• Dinner: curd pudding with dried apricots.

Friday

• Breakfast: milk buckwheat porridge.
• Snack: raspberry jelly.
• Lunch: steamed chicken fillet, white cabbage salad with sour cream, Lviv cheesecake.
• Afternoon snack: green pea soup.
• Dinner: vinaigrette with sour cream and fresh cucumber.

Saturday

• Breakfast: viscous millet porridge with prunes.
• Snack: sweet fruit.
• Lunch: borscht, beef and potato casserole, lettuce.
• Afternoon snack: meat puree with carrot salad.
• Dinner: milk jelly.

Sunday

• Breakfast: oatmeal with fruit.
• Snack: soup with corn and vegetables.
• Lunch: cabbage rolls with beef and rice, baked potatoes, tomato.
• Afternoon snack: cherry jelly.
• Dinner: carrot soufflé with cottage cheese.

Below is the approximate diet of diet 5a for a week. It should be followed throughout the entire course of medication prescribed by your doctor. In order to comply with all the nuances provided for diet 5a, it is advisable to purchase non-perishable foods for the week, and purchase the rest as needed. This approach will save you from unnecessary fuss during the treatment period. The diet is quite simple and does not require large financial and time expenditures.

Monday

• Breakfast. Rice porridge with milk and water, steamed protein omelette, tea
• First snack. Low-fat cottage cheese casserole.
• Dinner. Puree vegetable soup, apple compote, boiled carrots and steamed turkey cutlet.
• Second snack. Tea and savory cookies.
• Dinner. Pasta with a small amount of mild cheese, still water.
• Late dinner. Kefir 1%

Tuesday

• Breakfast. Cereal coffee with milk, carrot and apple salad, chicken cutlets.
• First snack. Baked pear or apple.
• Dinner. Boiled fish and boiled beet salad, potato soup with vegetable broth, jelly.
• Second snack. Compote and dry cookies.
• Dinner. Mashed buckwheat, still water.
• Late dinner. Kefir 1%.

• Breakfast. Oatmeal porridge cooked with milk, tea with milk, cottage cheese no more than 5% fat.
• First snack. Salad of boiled vegetables (carrots, beets).
• Dinner. Puree rice with rabbit cutlet, dried fruit compote.
• Second snack. Apple juice.
• Dinner. Steamed fish cutlets; mashed potatoes, rosehip infusion.
• Late dinner. Kefir 1%.

Thursday

• Breakfast. Pureed buckwheat porridge, boiled in water; tea.
• First snack. Dumplings with potatoes (7-8 pieces).
• Dinner. Puree vegetable soup; beef cutlet and pasta; berry jelly.
• Second snack. Baked pear.
• Dinner. Puree rice with a piece of mild cheese; tea.
• Late dinner. Ryazhenka or kefir.

Friday

• Breakfast. Puree oatmeal, cottage cheese no more than 5% fat, cereal coffee
• First snack. Baked apple.
• Dinner. Vegetarian borscht (can be seasoned with low-fat sour cream), pasta with boiled beef, berry jelly.
• Second snack. Tea and dry biscuits.
• Dinner. Boiled vegetable salad, boiled fish, a glass of still mineral water.
• Late dinner. Ryazhenka 1%.

Saturday

• Breakfast. Buckwheat pureed with rabbit meat, tea.
• First snack. Pere made from carrots and apples.
• Dinner. Pasta milk soup, compote.
• Second snack. Berry compote.
• Dinner. Rice porridge and a glass of mineral water.
• Late dinner. Kefir 1%.

Sunday

• Breakfast. Semolina milk porridge, tea.
• First snack. Baked pear with berries.
• Dinner. Large soup with vegetable broth, rabbit cutlets and vermicelli, dried fruit compote.
• Second snack. Not butter cookies, jelly.
• Dinner. Low-fat cottage cheese pancakes, protein omelet.
• Late dinner. Kefir 1%.

Having studied the approximate menu for the week, you will notice that organizing a table according to the 5a diet menu for the week does not require much effort in the kitchen. All dishes are quite simple to prepare, and the products used can be easily found in any grocery store.

The fifth table diet menu is quite varied. It does not cause a strong feeling of hunger and has a large number of recipes.

Sunday

How long to eat on a special menu

For acute diseases, table No. 5 is prescribed for the entire recovery period, but not less than 5 weeks. During periods of remission of chronic diseases, the diet can be used for a long time, up to 2 years. The longer there is no relapse, the less strict the diet becomes, and the more similar it is to a regular healthy diet.

In case of acute cholecystitis and pancreatitis, the patient is recommended to fast for the first few days, in severe cases - parenteral nutrition, then products from table number 5 are gradually introduced. At first - only pureed and heat-treated, gradually the menu expands.

The first week after prescribing the diet should be under medical supervision. If the body digests food normally, table No. 5 is extended. If the condition improves, the doctor can reduce the number of restrictions; if the test data is poor, he can prescribe a more strict table No. 5a.

Diet 5a – recipes for main dishes

At first glance, the diet may seem meager. In fact, from the listed products, if desired, you can prepare a rich variety of dishes.

The 5P table, especially the extended version of the diet, contains a variety of dishes, so it is not difficult to create a diet for the week. Stews made from chopped vegetables and tender pieces of meat are allowed. You can even make beef stroganoff from pre-boiled meat, and all steamed minced meat and vegetable dishes can be served with milk or sour cream sauce.

Since recipes can vary slightly (different vegetables in soups or different meat additives), it is not necessary to have a large supply of them. The dish will look different, their taste and nutritional value will also be different. Here are recipes for the most common dishes.

First meal

Here are simple recipes that can be done at home and do not require special preparation. To speed up the cooking process, you can use rice and buckwheat flour, and puree the boiled vegetables in a blender until pureed. The healing table involves the preparation of puree soups and cream soups.

First meal

Despite the fact that many foods and methods of preparing them are prohibited by the rules of table number 5, the food can be made tasty and varied. For liver and gall bladder diseases, it is allowed to consume vegetable and meat stews, lean meats and fish, cereals, as well as many types of fruits and desserts.

For the puree soup you need: 200 grams of rice, two carrots, one onion, 50 ml. low-fat cream, 1 tbsp. butter.

First boil the rice. Next, chop the onion and sauté with butter, and after a couple of minutes add chopped carrots. After which the vegetables are sautéed for another 10 minutes.

Next, you need to bring a liter of water to a boil, and add the previously prepared vegetables, rice and salt to taste to the pan with water. Boil again. Then the rice soup is crushed using a submersible blender, cream is added and brought to a boil again.

When serving, the rice puree soup is decorated with herbs.

Requires 500 gr. salmon, 100 gr. sour cream, green dill, salt, vegetable oil, 4 medium-sized potatoes. The potatoes are pre-peeled and boiled in boiling salted water. The fish is washed, cut into small strips and salted. Finely chop the greens and mix with sour cream.

Place fish and potatoes in one layer on a greased baking sheet and pour sour cream sauce on top. Bake for 15 minutes. in the oven at 180 degrees.

To prepare you will need: 100 grams of oatmeal, 3 chicken proteins, 250 ml. milk, a teaspoon of butter, two tablespoons of sugar, a pinch of salt.

Mix all the ingredients except the proteins, put on the fire and cook the porridge until tender, 5-7 minutes, stirring. Next, according to the recipe, beat the whites into a foam and mix with the cooled flakes. The resulting mixture is poured into molds and baked in the oven at 170 degrees for 20 minutes.

To prepare this dish, you will need two medium-sized beets, 100 grams of sour cream, butter, and salt.

Pre-boil the beets, peel and chop using a meat grinder or blender. Place a little butter on a hot frying pan, and then chopped beets. The dish should be salted, poured with sour cream and simmered under the lid over low heat for 15-20 minutes. When serving, beets are sprinkled with herbs.

Rose hip jelly

To prepare jelly from rosehip decoction, you will need 2 tbsp. dried rose hips, 1 tsp. gelatin, 2 tbsp. granulated sugar, a slice of lemon and half a liter of water.

First of all, prepare a decoction of rose hips: the crushed fruits of the plant are poured with water, boiled for two minutes and left to infuse for 5-6 hours. Afterwards the broth is filtered.

To prepare jelly, you need to pour a small amount of decoction into the gelatin so that it swells. This will take about half an hour. During this time, you should dissolve the sugar in the rosehip broth and put the broth on the fire. Add gelatin to the hot liquid and stir the broth until completely dissolved, without bringing to a boil. After the liquid has been removed from the heat, it is poured into jelly molds and left to cool in a cool place for 10-12 hours.

Description of the diet

Table number 5 was developed more than 100 years ago by Professor M. Pevzner, one of the founders of the Institute of Nutrition in Moscow. And despite all the achievements of modern dietetics, it still remains one of the best options that does not infringe on basic human needs, but at the same time provides a diet that is delicately suitable for healing the liver and biliary system. Table 5 is equally suitable both for preventing relapses of chronic diseases and for restoring the health of these organs after surgery and acute attacks of the disease.

Who is it shown to?

Cases in which it is recommended to improve health with the help of the “Table 5” diet, menu for every day, are considered:

• cholelithiasis;
• cholecystitis;
• hepatitis, and, in principle, the etiology of the disease does not matter - viral or toxic origin.

Existing modifications

In addition to the pure 5th table, which is the original version of the diet, several of its modifications are also known:

1. 5a - represents dietary table 5 for gastrointestinal diseases, a basic version of the diet in a gentle version for cases where inflammation of the gallbladder or liver is combined with a gastric ulcer or gastritis;
2. 5 l/f - for the diagnosis of chronic hepatitis, combined with pathologies of bile outflow.
3. 5/p - prescribed for pancreatitis during the period of recovery and in the remission stage of its chronic form;
4. 5p - recommended for those who underwent gastrectomy, which was followed by a deterioration in the absorption of food and its faster passage through the gastrointestinal tract;
5. 5sch - for nutrition of those who, no later than 2 weeks ago, underwent surgery on the bile ducts or resection of the gallbladder.

Advantages and disadvantages

One of the main advantages of the diet is its compliance with basic human needs in nutritional supplements and calories, as well as the presence of the most useful foods for certain diseases.

In addition, table 5 is good because it lacks:

• mononutrition principle;
• fasting days;
• strictly limited portions:
• only protein food;
• long breaks between meals from evening to morning;
• feelings of hunger;
• specific fat burning ingredients.

But it is also worth noting its disadvantages:

• limited salt intake;
• almost complete ban on seasonings, spices, sauces (mayonnaise, mustard);
• exclusion of cold foods (for example, ice cream);
• specific features of preparing dishes that make them not particularly appetizing (at least at first, until the diet becomes familiar).

Apple and Pumpkin Casserole

Ingredients:

• 40 g apples;
• 40 g pumpkin;
• one egg white;
• a teaspoon of butter;
• half a teaspoon of sugar;
• two tablespoons of milk;
• a teaspoon of low-fat sour cream;
• ground crackers - 2 teaspoons;
• semolina – 2 teaspoons.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ytpolicyandsafetyru

Preparation:

1. Pumpkin and apples must be peeled and cut into small pieces. Add two tablespoons of water to them, cover with a saucer and press down until pulp forms.
2. Add milk to the puree and boil.
3. Add semolina and mix everything.
4. While the apple and pumpkin puree has cooled, you need to add sugar and butter. Mix everything thoroughly.
5. Grease a baking sheet with oil and sprinkle with crushed breadcrumbs.
6. Place the puree on it and smooth it out. Spread sour cream on top of the mixture.
7. Bake at 170°C for about 25 minutes.

Varieties of table 5

• Table No. 5A - creates maximum liver rest, is prescribed for acute hepatitis and cholecystitis and exacerbation of chronic diseases (hepatitis, cholecystitis and gastrointestinal tract), liver cirrhosis in the compensation stage.
• 5B - with severe exacerbation of chronic hepatitis and cholecystitis, liver cirrhosis with moderate failure, with peptic ulcers and gastritis, which are combined with hepatitis or cholecystitis.
• 5P - for chronic pancreatitis in the recovery stage or without exacerbation. Normalizes the function of the pancreas, reduces the excitability of the gallbladder, spares the stomach, liver and intestines.
• 5GA is a hypoallergenic diet based on the basic Table No. 5, but additionally excludes all seafood, fish, caviar, eggs, processed cheeses, ice cream, bell peppers, pickles, sauerkraut, peanuts, sesame seeds, hazelnuts, sunflower seeds, citrus fruits, strawberries , apricots, peaches, raspberries, grapes, pomegranates, pineapple, melon, sea buckthorn, kiwi, semolina and wheat cereals, whole milk, flavored fruit drinks, cakes, chocolate, marshmallows, marshmallows.
• 5SH - postcholecystectomy syndrome with the presence of duodenitis and exacerbation of chronic gastritis. It provides maximum sparing of the digestive organs and reduction of bile secretion.
• 5F or 5 L/F - prescribed for hypotension of the gallbladder with symptoms of bile stagnation and in the state after cholecystectomy with bile stagnation in the liver. Nutrition is aimed at enhancing bile secretion and improving intestinal circulation of bile, so the diet includes polyunsaturated fatty acids and proteins.
• 5P - for dumping syndrome after resection for an ulcer.

Beetroot and curd soufflé

Ingredients:

• 100 grams of beets;
• 25 grams of cottage cheese 5% fat (lower possible);
• 10 grams of semolina;
• 15 grams of milk (2 tablespoons);
• 8 grams of butter;
• egg white.

Preparation:

1. Boil the beets in their skins. Grind it in a grater.
2. Add milk and 4 grams of butter. Transfer this mixture into a saucepan.
3. Place on the fire and, stirring occasionally, pour the semolina into the pan.
4. Cook until the semolina is completely ready.
5. Cool to 30°C. Add cottage cheese, mix thoroughly.
6. Beat the egg white until foam forms, and carefully pour it into the rest of the products.
7. Steam for about 30 minutes.

Can be served with sour cream.

Apple beet puree

Ingredients:

• 120 grams of beets
• 40 grams of apples (half a medium apple);
• a teaspoon of butter;
• a teaspoon of sugar;
• sour cream sauce.

First you need to prepare the sour cream sauce as follows: grind the sour cream with a small amount of flour. Pour hot vegetable broth over everything and cook for about 15 minutes. If desired, you can add a little butter.

Now you can start preparing the puree.

1. Boil the beets in their skins, cool and grate.
2. Bake the apples. If you don’t have time to prepare them, you can use ready-made baby puree without sugar.
3. Mix apples and beets, add sugar, sour cream sauce and butter. Heat over low heat for about 5 minutes.