Why do people get fat? We ask, explain, advise...

What is the reason for a sharp gain in excess weight - with the genetic characteristics of the body, poor nutrition or a sedentary lifestyle? The answer is simple. The reasons for rapid weight gain in both men and women are most often stress - just like trying to binge on sweets.

Despite this, meeting the recommended calorie intake is far from the only rule. For example, chronic excess gluten and saturated fat in the diet leads to excess weight gain in certain areas of the body - primarily in the stomach.

For what reasons does obesity usually occur?

An increase in fat tissue in the body is always unpleasant. As you gain weight, your figure becomes less attractive. A number of health problems appear. It becomes much more difficult for a person to move.

The most common causes of obesity include:

1. Psychological factors. For many people, food becomes a sedative. They eat after stress, lack of sleep and during strong emotions.
2. Poor nutrition. This is the most common cause of extra pounds. You will definitely encounter initial and then advanced obesity if your diet contains an excess amount of fatty or carbohydrate foods. Body weight can increase even when a person eats right, but does so 1-2 times a day.
3. Lack of physical activity. In this case, a person consumes more than he spends during the day. People who have sedentary jobs or spend a lot of time watching TV are most susceptible to weight gain. You need to make it a habit to take a walk at least once a day or do exercises in the morning.

1. Having bad habits. Smoking and frequent drinking of alcohol negatively affects the functioning of the entire body. Bad habits slow down metabolic processes and increase the likelihood of weight gain.

For such reasons, it is not difficult to cope with excess body weight. It’s enough just to adjust your own lifestyle and diet.

Lose weight - 21st century

• Excessive food consumption.
• Low physical activity.
• Genetic predisposition.
• Diseases leading to decreased metabolism.
• And yet the main role is assigned to the first two groups.

Gaining excess body weight is caused, first of all, by an imbalance between the energy consumption obtained from food and its expenditure on various physiological processes in the body.

Why do people get fat?

If less energy is consumed than is supplied to the body, then its excess is stored as a reserve. Therefore, in order to reduce body weight, it is necessary to expend more energy than it is supplied, using the body’s fat “depots” for this purpose. It would seem that everything is very simple - eat less and move more, and everything will work out for you. This is true, but not everyone manages to achieve significant positive results and, most importantly, maintain them. Therefore, it is necessary not only to follow the recommendations on proper nutrition and physical activity, but also, just as important, to understand why the extra pounds were gained? Excessive food consumption, poor eating behavior and low physical activity are the main causes of excess weight. Almost everyone knows this. But what other factors contribute to excess weight gain and the development of obesity?

• Age plays an important role in this.

There is a special type of obesity—age-related. It has been established that the maximum calorie requirement is observed in a person aged approximately 25–30 years. Subsequently, the intensity of metabolic processes in the body decreases by up to 3% annually. And, if you do not change your diet and diet with age, this can gradually and imperceptibly lead to weight gain. After 30 years, in the absence of active physical activity, muscle mass decreases at a rate of about 250 g per year. At the same time, fat begins to accumulate noticeably. And since muscle tissue has a higher metabolic rate and, therefore, consumes more energy, a decrease in its mass leads to a decrease in energy metabolism and, as a consequence, to the deposition and accumulation of fat mass. In addition, age-related obesity is associated with disruption of the activity of a number of brain centers, including the hunger center. As you age, you need more and more food to satisfy your hunger. Very often, unbeknownst to themselves, many people begin to eat more than necessary, that is, they overeat. This can also be associated with an age-related decrease in the sensitivity of oral receptors. Therefore, you have to add more salt and other spices to foods, creating a taste for life, while your appetite increases, and fluid is significantly retained in the body, creating conditions for gaining extra pounds. In addition, over the years, the activity of the thyroid gland, which produces hormones involved in metabolism, gradually decreases. All this means that with age, in order to maintain a stable body weight, it is necessary to reduce the consumption of food that carries excess energy. This will be one of the main keys to success.

It must be remembered that another reason for weight gain in people over 30 years of age may be not so much overeating as a decrease in energy expenditure and energy requirements due to a decrease in metabolic rate. Due to the fact that muscle mass progressively decreases with age, maintaining muscle tone requires significantly less energy, therefore significantly less energy is spent, and, consequently, a predisposition to fat deposition arises.

This means that it is necessary to constantly “recharge” the muscles with the help of additional physical activity so that they do not decrease in volume and their vitality does not decrease.

• More often than not, it is women who suffer from excess weight.

Why is this happening? During a woman's life, hormonal changes occur in her body several times, and all these periods are usually accompanied by a noticeable weight gain. It has long been noted that the earlier a girl gets her first menstruation, the more likely she is to be overweight in adulthood. Thus, among thirty-year-old women who had early puberty, excess weight is observed in 26% of cases, and in late puberty - only in 15%. The difference is noticeable! Moreover, it is during puberty that a significant increase in weight occurs, both in boys and girls.

The second period in a woman’s life when hormonal changes are observed is pregnancy. Typically, during pregnancy, by the time of birth, weight gain ranges from 11 to 16 kg, and each pregnancy adds an extra 2-3 kg. But what’s more important is not how many kilograms a woman gains during pregnancy, but the speed at which this happens. If body weight increased mainly in the first trimester, it means that the bulk of the energy did not go to the growth of the fetus, but was deposited in the fat “depots” of the expectant mother. Doctors consider the optimal increase in the first trimester to be no more than 2 kilograms. After childbirth, normally, there is a gradual decrease in body weight, which is already observed during breastfeeding. Some restriction in the caloric content of a young mother’s food does not affect the ability to fully breastfeed. And complete restoration of the original body weight can occur in 6-12 months. However, a sedentary lifestyle, eating high-calorie foods to maintain lactation, and constantly feeding small children sometimes contribute to even greater weight gain. The third period of significant weight gain occurs during menopause. Of course, the reason for this also lies in hormonal changes. It’s no wonder that more than half of women aged fifty are overweight. It is known that part of the fat is used to build estrogen. When these hormones decrease, fat begins to be deposited in the fat folds, more often in the upper type: the figure gradually begins to take on the shape of an apple. Fat is also deposited in the abdominal cavity, which can lead to concomitant pathologies in the form of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes.

• The development of obesity, sometimes significantly pronounced, is associated with many diseases.

These are, first of all, some endocrine diseases and especially hypothyroidism, that is, a disease of the thyroid gland in which the activity of the hormones produced by it decreases. Therefore, it is recommended that all overweight people conduct a thyroid hormone test and, if necessary, consult an endocrinologist. If you take hormonal medications (for example, for the treatment of asthma, birth control pills, etc.), this can also cause you to gain excess weight. Therefore, when reaching an elegant age, women should monitor their diet as much as possible, reducing its calorie content, and increase physical activity, so as not to gain extra pounds, and along with them, health problems. Let's also consider a few myths about why people get fat :

• Myth 1: genetic predisposition

Myths about the causes of excess body weight persist in society. One of them is the so-called genetic predisposition. “Since my parents are fat, that means I should be like that, there’s nothing you can do about it.” A very convenient explanation, first of all for yourself - you don’t need to strain yourself, and those around you can only sympathize.

But most often this is not the real reason, but a misconception! Indeed, it has now been absolutely established that only less than 2% of obesity cases are associated with genetically inherited metabolic disorders or hormonal imbalances. “What about familial obesity?” - you ask. So, genetics, as a rule, have nothing to do with it. The reason is improper eating behavior and gastronomic habits in the child’s environment, which are “passed on by inheritance.” 80% of children whose parents are both overweight are at risk of becoming obese as they age—and again, in most cases, not because of genetics. If parents have normal weight, then their offspring become overweight in only 14% of cases. Indeed, we can inherit the speed of metabolic processes in the body and thus only a predisposition to excess weight. Whether this predisposition is realized or not will depend on the lifestyle: first of all, the nature of nutrition and physical activity.

• Myth 2: smoking

Another myth is related to weight gain after quitting smoking. In fact, he is only partly a myth. Indeed, weight gain is sometimes significant, but not always. A person who abruptly quits smoking can gain up to 5 extra pounds within a few months. But don't be discouraged! If you take control of your diet and the amount of food consumed, within a year your weight will usually return to its original weight.

Why do people who quit smoking experience weight gain? There are several reasons for this. Firstly, metabolic processes in the smoker’s body proceed at an accelerated pace, necessary to neutralize the poison that constantly poisons the body while smoking. And this is about 150 kcal per pack per day. Agree, a lot, considering that this is exactly what is needed to do work in your garden or gymnastic exercises for a whole hour. Nothing more than a convenient solution for the lazy and not caring about their health, isn’t it? Secondly, the smoker’s appetite is significantly reduced, since nicotine suppresses taste buds, and smokers perceive the smell and taste of food worse. In addition, under the influence of nicotine, the liver releases glycogen, which suppresses the feeling of hunger. And finally, smoking saves you from boredom and stress. After all, cigarettes and food are a means of social protection from difficult life situations. “Emotional” eaters eat stress, while smokers simply light up. After all, nicotine increases the concentration of dopamine in the brain, which helps improve mood.

The same thing happens when eating sweets. A cigarette and candy are antidepressants, as is alcohol. This is why when quitting smoking there is a temptation to replace cigarettes with sweets. In addition, while smoking, your hands and mouth are busy, and this is a kind of food replacement. Therefore, the body of a former smoker needs some time to readjust. But it is better to plan the situation in advance, for example 2-4 weeks in advance, in order to get used to the idea and fully realize that smoking will soon be over. And at this time, begin to increase energy consumption so as to compensate in the future for those 150-200 kcal that you will no longer burn due to nicotine. It is quite obvious that most smokers will need to change their gastronomic habits: you need to be careful in choosing food and control your appetite.

On the topic of the causes of excess weight and why people get fat, watch this educational video. Everything seems to be clear and it is known why people get fat . Eat less and move more and everything will be fine.

But for some reason, almost half of people are overweight. Well, it's difficult.

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Materials from M. Koroleva’s book “The Rules of Well-Fed Slimness” were used

What diseases lead to weight gain

Obesity can also have pathological causes. In this case, weight gain was influenced not only by an unhealthy lifestyle, but also by pathological causes in the body.

Diseases that activate weight gain include:

1. Hypothyroidism . With illness, the functioning of the thyroid gland is weakened. Hormonal imbalance occurs, which negatively affects the performance of the entire body. A person's metabolic processes deteriorate. Food cannot be digested as it should and immediately turns into fat. Obesity occurs gradually and usually the patient notices that something is wrong not immediately, but when the weight reaches a critical point.
2. Polycystic ovary syndrome . The disease is accompanied by hormonal imbalance, which leads to increased production of male hormones in a woman’s body. Excessive amounts of insulin enter the blood. Unneeded glucose is stored in fat.
3. Impaired functioning of the adrenal cortex . This pathology is also accompanied by hormonal imbalances. In this case, the stress hormone is produced in large quantities. It activates the desire to eat and the need to store fat mass. The body is in a constant state of stress. As a result, body weight increases.

1. Disturbances in the functioning of the hypothalamus . In this case, a person develops the habit of overeating. Eating food in excess always leads to excess body weight gain.
2. Pronounced menopause . Menopause is a natural age-related change, but if a woman does not take care of her health, then it becomes pathological. The girl is worried about constant hot flashes, weakness, depression and obesity, among other things. After 40 years, you need to monitor your body more carefully and not refuse hormonal medications prescribed by your doctor. They will help fill the gap of missing components.

Almost always, weight gain is the result of hormonal imbalances.

Secondary benefits of excess weight

It turns out that while causing us certain troubles, excess weight protects us and at the same time protects us from even greater damage. This is the “secondary benefit” of excess weight.

So, if we have excess weight, it turns out that we need it for something? You need to look for the reason for the “secondary benefit” and here again twenty-five, which I already wrote about in the first article “Why people don’t lose weight from diets.”

You need to change your attitude towards the world, start trusting the world, I know how difficult it can be sometimes, especially at first, when you tell yourself, that’s it, I’ll be happy and that’s it.

And changes in your world occur with a time delay (tested it myself), and nothing seems to happen, but sometimes it gets even worse. There is no need to worry, go forward to joy in life, you just need to wait out the period of delay, be patient, especially when the ego begins to rebel, because then how will it feed from you if you do not become depressed, sad, hate your world, criticize yourself?

It is necessary to find a “secondary benefit”, and there may be more than one, but when you identify it, you guarantee long-term slimness to your body.

If we talk about me, in my youth I was an attractive girl, when I began to notice that people of the opposite sex were simply devouring me on the street, in transport or somewhere else, I was disgusted and didn’t like it, it just annoyed me, because people didn’t They were always sweet and attractive, like princes, but rather the opposite. Moreover, the most arrogant and stubborn ones tried to touch my body.

The most common reasons for the “secondary benefit” of excess weight are:

• lack of jealousy on the part of a loved one (not about me)
• helps you forget about yourself and be useful to other people (it looks like)
• helps to play the role of a victim and evoke sympathy (not about me)
• helps to seem kind and good (to the point for me)
• helps to attract the attention of people around you (possibly)
• serves as an excuse for life's failures (maybe)

This is not a complete list of the benefits of being overweight. You need to determine for yourself personally, so to speak, the “benefits” of excess weight and find ways to satisfy these needs (without the participation of extra pounds).

I identified the advantage of my excess weight as protection from something or someone. I know from what and from whom, but I won’t write about it, it’s too personal. As I was taught, I need to trust the world around me, and the weight will go away, eating habits will change and the need to overeat will go away.